Book indexing machine



'pril 27, 1937. H. ERICKSON 2,078,656

BOOK INDEXING MACHINE ALPIil 27, 1937- H. ERlcKsoN 2,078,656

BOOK INDEXI NG MACHINE Filed Aug. 14, 1956 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Wwf April 27, 193.7. H. ERICKSON BOOK INDEXING MACHINE File'd Aug. 14, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 pil 27, 1937.

H. ERICKSON BOOK INDEXING MACHINE Filed Aug. 14, 1956 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 ZI-Z venan' April 27, l937- H. ERICKSON 2,078,656

BooK vINDEXING- MACHINE Filed Aug.` 14, 1936 v 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 y im@ l April 27', 1937- H. ERICKSON 2,078,656

BOOK INDEXING MACHINE Filed Aug. 14, 1956 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented Apr. 27, 1937 STATES PATENT OFFCE 15 Claims.

This invention relates to book-indexing machines, of the type used to out index notches in the sides of pages of books, particularly dictionaries .and reference books, to indicate where the indeXed subject matter is to be found.

While book indexing machines are not unknown, previous machines have either been impractical or are not sold today. So far as I am aware, indexing is done commercially today by a hand punch, and the operation usually requires three operators, two, separately to find the page in the book where the indexed subject matter begins and place a marker therein, and another to operate the hand punch on the page marked. The hand punch operator can work as fast as two page nders. By means of my machine I am able to eliminate two operators entirely, as the machine operator both finds the page of the book and operates the machine. This results in a great saving of time, as it is as easy for the operator to step on the treadle and cut the notch in the page marked as to insert a marker. In this manner I also eliminate separate handling of the books by the operators. By means of my machine using one operator, I am enabled to complete the indexing operation in, at least, half the time formerly taken and at half the expense.

My machine, briey, comprises a frame, a work support for holding the open book whose pages are to be notched, a cutting tool, means providing relative movement between the work support and the cutting tool to bring them into and out of operating position, means to operate the cutting tool, means providing a gradual advance of o in the accompanying drawings, since the invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in various ways. Also it is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose O of description and not of limitation, and it is not intended to limit the invention claimed herein beyond the requirements of the prior art.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine as seen from the left side of the operator.

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the same.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view.

Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrammatic views showing the way in which the edges of the book leaves are cut by the cutting tool.

Fig. 6 is a side view similar to Fig. 1, partly broken away, showing the mechanism to slide the work table to and from the path of the cutting tool.

Fig. 7 is a side view illustrating the mechanism to operate the cutting tool.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view of the cutting tool on a larger scale.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged rear view similar to Fig. 2 showing the mechanism to move the tool supporting carriage.

Figs. l0, 11, 12 and 13 are fragmentary views illustrating the feeding and releasing operation of the carriage.

Fig. 14 is a vertical cross section of the carriage, partly broken away.

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary View of part of the carriage mechanism.

Fig. 16 is a rear view and Fig. 17 a side elevation from the left of a modication of my machine in which the work table is stationary and the cutting tool is moved to and from said table.

In the accompanying drawings, lil represents a table having two pairs of legs Il and |2 which are reinforced by cross frame members I3 and f lli and a rear longitudinal member l5 in order to form a rigid frame or unit. A second pair of cross members I6 and |6a. are placed between each pair of legs and |2-l2, said cross member being secured by means of bolts or screws I1 to brackets |8-I 8 forming part or being rigidly attached to legs and I2 as shown at I9.

A table or bed plate 2l) acts as a work support and is slidably mounted between side members 2| and 22 provided with guide ways 2| a, and 22a in which plate 20 slides to and fro to bring the work in and out of punching or operating position, as will be hereinafter more fully described. Side members 2| and 22 are rigidly mounted on posts 23 which form part or are fast on table l0 and hold side members 2| and 22 in an inclined position with respect to table ID as is clearly seen in Figs. 1 and 3. Adjustable U-shaped positioning clamps 8 8 and 9-9 are provided on bed plate 20 to hold the work at the front and rear of the plate, and pins l-'l serve to keep the work in alinement and in proper position for presentation to the cutting tool.

Side members 2| and 22 have rearwardly extending portions 24 and 25. Portion 24 supports one end of slide bar 26 rectangular in section on which a tool carriage, generally shown at 21, is adapted to slide, said bar 26 being secured to portion 24 by means of screws 2B (see Fig. 3). Portion 24 terminates in a bearing 29 intended to receive one end of a slide rod on which a slidable bearing 3| forming part of carriage 21 travels. Extending portion 25 of side member 22 likewise supports the opposite end of slide bar 26 which is secured to portion 25 by means of bolts and nuts 26a. and the other end of slide rod 36 is journalled in a bearing 32 forming part of a bracket 33 rigidly secured to table |6 by means of bolts and nuts 34.

Mounted in any convenient way on cross member |6a is a double bearing 35 on which a short shaft 3.6 is journalled. One end of this shaft has keyed on it a pulley 31 driven from a source of power, not shown, through a belt 38. The opposite end of shaft 36 has also keyed on it a pinion 39 adapted to mesh with a gear 46 forming part of one element 46a of a one-revolution clutch mechanism generally shown at 4| and mounted on a cam and main drive shaft 42. Thisy shaft extends from one side to the other side of the frame under table I6 and is rotatably connected at one end to double bearing and at the other end to a single bearing 43 secured to or forming part of cross member I6 of the frame.

The clutch mechanism is as follows: A second clutch element 44 (see Fig. 2) forms part or is rigidly secured to a cam 45 on shaft 42 and adapted to rotate with it. A ring 46 between clutch elements 40a and 44 has a groove 46a in which a key 41 slides. This key slides and projects also in a pocket 48 provided in clutch element 44, and a spring 49 in said pocket constantly forces: key 41 towards engagement with a notch 5|) cut out on clutch element 46a. A Wedge shaped member 5| designed to throw the clutch in and out of operation is secured to a rod 52 slidably mounted in a bearing 53 forming part of a bracket 54 rigidly attached to cross member |6a as by bolts 55, said rod being connected to a foot treadle 56 by means of a link 51. Foot treadle 56 is pivoted to a member 58 forming part of the frame. A spring 59 attached at one end to rod 52 and at the other to bracket 54 is normally forcing rod 52 and wedge shape member 5| against a cam shaped face 41a, of key 41 in a manner as to force the key against the pressure of spring 49 and keep it out of engagement with notch 56 of clutch element 46a. Thus it will be seen that if key 41 is out of engagement with notch r5l?, gear 46 will rotate idly when driven by pinion 39. But if foot treadle 56 is stepped on and Wedge member 5| releases key 41, this'will lock both elements of the clutch and shaft 42, together with` the different cams attached to it, will rotate as a unit with gear 40.

In the present instance there are three cams 45, 56 and 6| carried by main drive shaft 42. Cam 45, which is pear-shaped, serves to move the different parts of the mechanism operating the cutting tool. Cam 60 serves to operate the mechanism providing step-by-step movement of the tool carriage 21, and cam6| operates the mechanism moving the bed plate 26 into and out of punching position. g

The mechanism acting on bed plate 2!! and carrying the work to and from the path of Athe cutting tool, and thus into and out of operative position is better illustrated in Figs. l and 6. This mechanism comprises a foot` treadle 62 which, like clutch treadle 56, is also pivoted to member 58 of the frame. A vertical rod 63 is pivoted to treadle 62 as shown at 64, and its upper end is journalled in a socket 65 secured to table lil in any convenient way. A spring 66 around the rod and inside a chamber 61 formed in socket 65 engages a laterally extending pin 68 rigidly secured to rod 63 and constantly forces the rod in an upward direction, but this movement is limited by the end of a slot 69 in which pin 68 slides. The upper end of rod 63 terminates in iiat inclined edge 63a vwhich-is adapted to engage a tooth 16 fast to the underside of bed plate 26. Thus it will be seen that if bed plate 26 is shifted to the right in Fig. l (toward the operator and away from the cutting tool) tooth 'F6 will force rod 63 down against the pressure of spring 66, but once the tooth has passed over the rod, it will snap back to its original position and prevent the table from moving back again toward the cutting tool and to operating position.

A bracket 1| riveted to the underside of plate 26, slidably receives one end of a rod 12 which passes through a hole 1|a in the bracket, the

other end of this rod being suitably mounted v on a cross member 13 secured between posts 23 supporting side members 2| and 22. (See particularly Figs. 3 and 6.) A coil spring 14 surrounds rod 'i2 and one of its ends engages bracket 1| while the other end rests against cross member I3. It will be clearly seen that by means of this construction plate 26 is constantly urged to move in a direction toward the path of a punching mechanism and cutting tool generally shown at 15. A bell-crank lever 16 carrying a friction roll 'J6' is pivotally mounted to a shaft 11 supported by two bearings 13-18 secured to the side ends of table i6, and has an extending arm 19 designed to engage and disengage another friction roll Si) rotating on a bracket 8| secured to the underside of plate 26. Roll 16 is in constant engagement with cam 6|, consequently each time cam 6l completes one revolution, arm 16 moves to engage roll 86 and force plate 20 to slide away from the path of punching mechanism 15. Thus it will be seen that by means of this arrangement, feeding of the work to and from the path of the punching mechanism is obtained and that this feeding is controlled by the operator through foot treadle 62. In other words, every time the operator desires to have the work brought in punching position he simply steps on the treadle 62 thus forcing rod 63 to move down and disengage tooth 16. This sets plate 26 free to move into punching position by the force of spring 14 which will hold the plate and consequently the work in said position until cam 6| rotates again, forcing arm 1S of lever 16 to act against roll 80 and move plate 26 to its original position. In Fig. 6 I show in full lines work plate 20 and the different parts of the feeding mechanism in punching position while the dotted lines indicate the parts as they move to shift bed plate 26 from the path of punching mechanism 15.

Punching mechanism 15 and its operating means is as follows:

Tool carriage 21 includes a block 82 provided with side walls 33 and 84 forming grooves 85 and 66 and is adapted to slide on slide bar 26 when fed step-by-step along said slide by a mechanism which will be more fully described later. This block or carriage 62 includes an upwardly eX- tending sleeve 81 ending in a bearing 88 and is adapted to slidably receive a tool carrying rod 69 having on one side a toothed or rack portion and on the other a laterally extending tool carrying arm or bracket 9| projecting through a vertical slot 92 cut in said sleeve.

Adjustably secured to the end of arm 9| is a cutting tool 93 of special design which is more clearly shown in Fig. 8. This tool comprises a threaded stem 94 and a cutting portion 95 tubular in section, having sharp edges a adapted to sever the work, the pages of a book in this instance, and produce on this a cut-out portion or notch semi-,circular in shape. Nuts 96 and 91 serve to adjustably secure stem 94 to arm 9|.

The inside of tool 93 forms `a chamber 98 having an opening 99 which registers with a conduit |80 forming part of a fitting |0| secured to the outside of portion 95 of the tool by a set screw |82, and conduit |00 connects with a rubber or flexible tube |03 leading to a vacuum source not shown in the drawings. The object of this vacuum is to take away from the tool the paper fragments |04 cut from the book leaves, which other- Wise would clog the tool and render it inoperative.

Rigidly clamped to sleeve 81 as by screws |95 is a ring |06 having on one side extensions |01 I' which terminate in a punching plate |08 adapted to receive the leaves of the book and against which the tool punches. This plate has a pad |99 of ber or any other suitable material to protect the edges 95a of the tool. A second ring I0 is also clamped to sleeve 81 by screws and has an extending arm 2 on which two vertical members H3, one at each side of bracket 9|, are secured by screws I4, and serve as a guide for said bracket 9|.

Housed inside of bearing 88 and pivoted to its side walls is a small shaft l |5 to which is secured a pinion ||6 adapted to mesh constantly with rack portion 98 of rod 98. A lever ||1 is secured to one end of shaft ||5 and said lever connects through a universal joint ||8 with a second lever H9 which through another universal joint |20 connects with an arm |2| keyed to but allowed to slide on rod 30 between the two arms 3|a of slide bearing 3| (see Figs. 2 and 3). A second arm |22 is rigidly secured to slide rod 30 near its engagement with bearing 32 and connects through a universal joint |23 a lever |24, which through another universal joint |25 connects a `lever |26 pivoted to shaft 11. A friction roll |21 pivoted at |28 to lever |26 engages cam 45 and a spring |29 having one of its ends attached at |39 to lever |26 while its other end is secured to frame member l5, serves to keep roller |21 in constant engagement with pear-shaped cam 45.

From the description of this mechanism it will be seen Athat for each revolution of pearshap-ed cam 45, lever |28 is moved in an upward direction and that said lever |26 through lever E24 forces arm |22 to rotate slide rod 30. This movement is transmitted by rod 30 and through arm l2! and levers ||9 and ||1 to pinion H6, which, being in engagement with tool carrying rod 89, will impart to this rod a downward movement, thus allowing the tool to perform the cutting opera-tion on the work. Since all the parts of this mechanism move against the tension of spring |29 it is obvious that they are returned to their original position by said spring at the end of each cycle. Y

The mechanism providing a gradual advance of the cutting tool into and up the sides of the book as its pages recede will now be described.

Referring to Figs. 4 and 5 it will be noticed that the cut-out portions |3| are made at graduated distances, from the edge |32 of the open book and that, in this instance, thirteen notches corresponding to half of the alphabet are made on one side of the book while the other thirteen corresponding to the other half of the alphabet are madeA on the opposite side of the book. This means that bed plate 20 supporting the book has to move toward the path of the cutting tool farther into and up the side of the book a different distance for each notch to be cut. In order to obtain this and to bring the book to its exact position each time, the following mechanism is employed. A bar |33 is mounted to rotate on two bearings |34 and |35 secured tothe underside of bed plate 20, and said bar carries two series of stop pins- |38 and |31 of different lengths; one series corresponds to the notches of one side of the book while the other series corresponds to the other side. A hand lever |38 rigidly secured to one end of bar 33 is adapted to rotate the bar one-fourth of a turn and thus change the series of pins when desired. A stop bracket |39 is adjustably secured to side 84 of carriage block 82 by means of screws |40 and is designed to engage each corresponding pin on bar |33 as the carriage advances step-by-step and the work is fed by bed plate 20 to have a notch cut out. In Fig. 6 I have illustrated the two positions of lever |38 as pin bar |33 is moved to change from one series of pins to the other.

The mechanism to move the tool carriage 21 step by step along the edge of the book or work is shown in Figs. 9 and 15. This mechanism is as follows:

Longitudinally located under slide bar 26 there are two racks |4| and |42 running parallel to each other. Rack |4| is rigidly secured to the bottom of slide 28 while rack |42 is adapted to have a reciprocating movement and is slidably held against the bottom of slide 26 by means of plates |48, |49 secured to slide 26 by screws |50. Both racks |4| and |42 are provided with ratchet teeth |43 and |44 respectively which are adapted to engage pawls |45, |46 pivoted on a pin |41 secured between side walls 83 and 84 of carriage block 82. A pair of leaf springs |50 and |5| anchored to a plate |52 secured to block 82 are adapted to engage pawls |45 and |46 respectively and keep said pawls in constant engagement with ratchet teeth |43 and |44 of racks |4| and |42. The purpose of these teeth will be described later.

The left end of rack |42, as is clearly shown in Fig, 9, is longer than that of rack 4| and has rigidly attached to it as by screws |53 a downwardly disposed arm |54 the end of which is pivotally connected at |55 to a horizontal lever |56. The opposite end of this lever is pivoted at |51 to an arm |58 forming part of a lever |59 fulcrumed at |60 on a bracket |6| secured to the underside of table I0. An opening |62 is provided in table l0 and through this opening arm |58 projects to connect with lever |56 as described. Lever |59 has a downwardly bent portion |63 pivotally carrying at its end a friction roll |64 which engages cam 60. One end of a coil spring |65 is secured at |66 to arm |54 while its other end is attached to a post |61 secured to table l0. 'I'hus it will be seen that each rotation of cam 60 will move the several parts of this mechanism to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9 and spring |65 will force them back to their original position, a distance determined by the configuration of cam 60, which corresponds with the pitch of ratchet teeth 43 and |44 on racks |4| and |42 and with the distance between the cen- 75 ter of stop pins |36 and|31 on bar |32 which, as said before, is equal to the" distance between the centers of the notches out out in the book. Secured at |69 to block 82 there is a chain or cable |16 passing over a pulley |1| pivotally mounted at |12 to one of theposts 23 supporting bed plate 26. Cable |16 passes also over a second pulley |13 pivoted at |14 to cross member 230i'V of the bed plate supporting frame and has secured to its end 115 a counterweight |16. This counterweight .is Aconstantly forcing carriage block 82 to mz'ove towards the left in Fig. 9. l l

In Fig. 101 show a vertical longitudinal section of tool carriage block 82 and illustrate the manner in which said block is moved step by step toward the right .of the gure. Face |68 of one of the teeth |44 of rack |42 is in engagement with pawl |46thus forcing block 82 to slide on bar 26 against the action of c-ouriterweightv |16. Since rack 14| is rigidly secured toslide bar 26 and this bar is stationary, the movementof block 82 to the right ofl the figure, as shown by the arrows, will` cause pawl |45 to dragon the inclined portion |11 of one of the teeth |43 against the pressure of leaf spring |50, which, as soon as the pawl has passed the edge of said tooth, will force the pawl to snap back in the notch formed by the teeth'and engage the vertical face |18 of the tooth, thus preventing the movement of block 82 towards the left of the figure. At this moment movable rack |42 starts to baclk thus forcing pawl |46 to drag on the inclined portion of the next corresponding tooth in the same manner pawl |45 did, until said pawl |46 reaches the next notch and snaps back in locking position due to the pressure applied to it by leaf spring |51. As explained before this operation is repeated every time cam! 60 turnsione revolution, the tool carriage 'thus being moved step by step until it reaches the right end notches (as in Fig. 9) of racks |41 and |42, which coincide with the last perforation made on one half of the book. At this movement, the operator turns the book around to start the perforations of the other` half of said book and for this purpose he first moves lever |38 to kchange the position of bar |33 and bring the second series of stop pins |36 into play. But for this new operation itis necessary rst to move tool carriage 21 back to its starting position. This is accomplished in the following way, and is clearly shown in Figs, 11 to 15. Inwardly projecting pins |19 and |86 are secured to the inner walls of pawls |45 and |46 (see particularly Fig. 14) and are adapted to be engaged by an arm |31 rigidly secured to a shaft |83 journalle-d in side walls 83 and 84 of block 82. A second arm |64 secured to the end of shaft |83 by means of a set screw carries at its extreme end a plunger |86 constantly urged by a spring |81 to frictionally engage depressionsl and |89 formed on the face of wall 83 of block 82. An adjustable pin |99 is secured inany suitable way to one end of slide bar 26 while a second adjustable pin 19| (see Fig. 9) is secured to the other end of said bar, and' these pins are designed to engage respectively each side of armY |84, thus simiiltaneously moving pawls |45 and |461 in or` the teeth, thus setting tool carriage 21 free to be moved to theopposite end by the action of counterweight |16.

When, as shown in Fig. 13, tool carriage 21 reaches its starting position, arm |84 engages pin |98 and moves it in the opposite direction, thus releasing pawls |45 and |46 which then are forced to engage again racks |4| and |42 by springs |52 and |5I. The object of plunger |86 on arm |84 is to keep said arm locked in position until it is engaged by either of pins and |9I, thus preventing any accidental release of tool carriage An airl cushion |92 of any known design, secured to the top of slide 26, is adapted to engage block 82 of the carriage and serves to absorb the shock produced by the rapid movement of said carriage when brought to its starting position by counterweight |16.

In operation, the machine operator first places the open book on bed plate 2|! against gauge pins 1 taking care that both sides of the book cover are inserted and held in position by clamps 8-8 and 9 9. In this case, the number of leaves on one side of the bookr represent the rst thirteen letters of the alphabet while the leaves on the opposite side represent the other thirteen.

When power is applied to belt 38, pulley 31, pinion 39 and gear 40 will rotate idly and be ready to act on the different parts forming the mechanism. The operator selects the book leaves corresponding to the rst letter of the alphabet to be punched out and holding them in his hands, steps on foot treadle 62 thus releasing bed plate 26 which slides towards the path of the cutting tool and stops there. The operator then places the pack of leaves on plate |08 under cutting tool as clearly shown in Fig. 1 and steps on clutch treadle 56 thus throwing the clutch in engagement' and consequently allowing cam shaft 42 to turnone revolution, at the end of which and as it has been explained before, clutch member 5| acts to disengage the clutch and move the correspondingk parts into idling again.

During this single rotation of cam shaft 42, cam 45aots to operate the cutting tool rst and then cams 69 and 6| act on their respective mechanisms; cam 69 to advance the carriage one step and cam 6| to shift bed plate 2D to its original. position or away from the path of the cutting tool. This comprises one cycle of operation necessary for each notch cut out in the book and is repeated time after time until the thirteenth notch has been cut when the carriage returns to its starting position and the operator turns the book around to start the second series of notches in the form already described.

While I have described the machine as operating on a dictionaryV having two rows of thirteen notches each, it is to be understood that the machine operates on other books requiring more or less index notches by substituting new racks |41 and |42 with the required number and spacing of teeth, and with a different inclination from left to right as in Fig. 2.

Figs. 16 and 17 show a modication of my machine in which the work table is stationary and cutting tool is moved to and from said table. Here the work support 26 is rigidly mounted on table 19 on posts 23. The entire cutting tool or punching mechanism 15 is slidably mounted on two supports 288 adapted to slide in inclined slideways 282 provided at each end of table |6. Ex-

tending portions 2|llla rigidly secured to the underside of supports 200 project through slots 20| in slideways 202 and connect the supports 200 to members 203 having friction rolls 204 rotatably mounted thereon. Brackets 205 are xedly secured to or from part of the underside of table I0 and have a hole therein for the reception of rods 206 which are rigid extensions of members 203. At their free end rods 206 carry nuts 201 forming base plates for springs 208, brackets 205 forming the other abutting plates for said springs. As clearly seen in Fig. 1'7, springs 28 constantly urge cutting tool mechanism 'l5 toward work support 20 and into operating position therewith. A cross member 2l0 is provided between extensions 203 and serves as an abutment designed to engage pawls 2H rigidly secured to the ends of a shaft 2Ha mounted between two brackets 252 fast to the frame of the machine, said pawls 2H being kept in engagement with member 210 by means of springs 2|3 connected at one end to said pawls 2| I and at its other to the underside of table l0. Rod 63a forming part of a foot treadle is connected to one of said pawls on its lower side and serves to move the pawl in a direction opposite to said springs 2|3 when the treadle is depressed. Levers 2I5 keyed to shaft lla at their `upper-ends frictionally engage friction rolls 204 and lever 2l6 also keyed to shaft .ll at its lower end carries another friction roll or cam follower 2 I'l engaging cam B la rotatably mounted on main drive shaft 42. Cutting tool mechanism l5 being continuously urged toward work support 20 by means of springs 208, depression of foot treadle withdraws pawls 2| l and permits the cutting tool carriage l5 to slide in operating position with respect towork Support 20. Cam Sla then performs one complete revolution and at its conclusion levers 2I5 have pushed the cutting tool carriage 'l5 out of operating position and away from work support 20 against the pull of spring 208. Springs 2l3 then pull pawls 2H into place, providing a stop for carriage l5 until again released by the depression of treadle 62. Air cushions for cutting tool carriage l5 in its movement toward work support 20 are provided in members 202 and comprise hollow cylindrical chambers 220 having pistons 22| moving therein, rods 222 connecting said pistons with supports 200'. Air is allowed to escape through an orice 223, made adjustable by valve 224. In other respects the operation of this modification is the same as that shown in Figs. l to 15, and it will be seen that vthis modification merely reverses the movement between work support 20 and cutting tool carriage 15. This arrangement, however, permits easy adjustment of the machine to different size books, by quick replacement of an entirely new Ycutting tool carriage and mechanism l5, having a different inclination from left to right as shown in Fig. 16 and different toothed rack for controlling the step by step advance of the cutting i tool carriage.

Igclaim:

1. In a book indexing machine of the class described, a frame, a work support for holding the book whose pages are to be notched, a cutting tool for cutting notches in the edge of the pages of said book, means for operating the cutting tool, means providing relative movement between the work support and the cutting tool to bring them into and out of operating position, and means providing a gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the side of the book and at the same time a step by step advance of the cutting tool across the length of the book.

2. In a book indexing machine of the class described, a frame, a work support for holding the book whose pages are to be notched, a cutting tool for cutting notches in the edge of the pages of said book, means for operating the cutting tool, means providing relative movement between the work support and the cutting tool to bring them into and out of operating position, and means providing a gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the side of the book and means providing a step by step advance of the cutting tool across the length of the book.

3. In an indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, a frame, a work support for holding in open position a book whose pages are to be notched, having means for clamping and positioning the book with respect to a cutting tool, a cutting tool for punching notches in the edge of the pages of said book, means for operating the cutting tool, means providing relative movement between the work support and the cutting tool to bring them into and out of operating position, means including a row of gauge pins of varying length for providing a gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the open side of the book in open position, and means including a toothed rack providing a step by step horizontal advance to the cutting tool across the length of the book.

4. In an indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, a frame, a work support for holding in open position a book whose pages are to be notched, having means for clamping and positioning the book with respect to a cutting tool, a

cutting tool for punching notches in the edge of the pages of said book, means for operating the cutting tool, means for moving the Work support to and from the cutting tool, means including a row of gauge pins of varying length for providinga gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the open side of the book in open position, and means including a toothed rack providing a step-by-step horizontal advance to the cutting tool across the length of the book.

5. In an indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, a frame, a work support for holding in open position a book whose pages are to be notched, having means for clamping and posi- I tioning the book with respect to a cutting tool, a

cutting tool for punching notches in the edge of the pages of said book, means for operating the cutting tool, means constantly urging the work support toward the cutting tool, means for positively moving said work support away from the cutting tool, means including a row of gauge pins of varying length for providing a gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the open side of the book in open position, and means including a toothed rack providing a step-by-step horizontal advance to the cutting tool across the length of the book.

6. In an indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, a frame, a work support for holding in open position a book whose pages are to be notched, having means for clamping and positioning the book with respect to a cutting tool, a cutting tool for punching notches in the edge of the pages of Said book, means for operating the cutting tool, means for moving the work support to and from the cutting tool, means including a row of gauge pins of varying length for providing a gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the open side of the book in open position, means including a toothed rack providing a step-by-step horizontal advance to the cutting tool across the length of the book, and means constantly opposing said step-by-step horizontal advance of the cutting tool.

7. In an indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, a frame, a work support for holding in open position a book whose pages are to be notched, having means for clamping and positioning the book with respect to a cutting tool, a cutting tool for punching notches in the edge of the pages of said book, means for operating the cutting tool, means for moving the cutting tool to and from the work support, means including a row of gauge pins of varying length `for vproviding a gradually extending movement oi the cutting tool into and up the open side of the book in open position, and means including a toothed rack providing a step-by-step horizontal advance to the cutting tool across the length of the book.

8. In an indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, a frame, a work support for holding in open position a book whose pages are to be notched, having edge gauges for clamping and positioning the book with respect to a cutting tool, a cutting tool for cutting notches in the side of said book, means for operating the cutting tool, means for moving the work support to and from the cutting tool, one or more rows of gauge pins of varying length for providing a gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the open sides of the book in` open position, said rows of gauge pins corresponding in number to the rows of index notches to be placed on the book, means for bringing each row separately into position, and a toothed rack providing a step-by-step horizontal advance to the cutting tool across the length of the book.

9. In an indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, a frame, a Work support for holding in open position a book whose pages are to be notched, having edge gauges for clamping and positioning the book with respect to a cutting tool, a cutting tool for cutting notches in the side of said book, means for operating the cutting tool, means in said tool for carrying off the punched-out pieces, means for moving the work support to and from the cutting tool, one or more rows of gauge pins of varying length for pro-.

viding a gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the open sides of the book in open position, said rows of gauge pins corresponding in number to the rows of index notches to be placed on the book, means for 1bringing each row separately into position, and a toothed rack providing a step-by-step horizontal advance to the cutting tool across the length of the book.

10. An indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, comprising a frame, a work support for holding in open position the book whose pages are to be notched, positioning and clamping means on said work support, a cutting tool for cutting notches in the edge of said book, means providing relative movement between the work support and the cutting tool to bring them into and out of operating position, means providing a step-by-step advance ofthe cutting tooi across the length of the book, a main drive shaft having cams thereon for operating said cutting tool and said two last mentioned means, and a one-revolution clutch for bringing said machine into operation.

1l. An indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, comprising a frame, a work support for holding in open position the book whose pages are to be notched, positioning and clamping means on said work support, a cutting tool for cutting notches in the edge of said book, means providing relative movement between the work support and the cutting tool to bring them into and out of operating position, means providing a step-by-step advance of the cutting tool across the length of the book, a main drive shaft having cams thereon for operating said cutting tool and said two last mentioned means, means providing a gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the side of the book, and a one-revolution clutch for bringing said machine into operation.

12. An indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, comprising a frame, a work support for holding in open position the book whose pages are to be notched, positioning and clamping means on said work support, a cutting tool for cutting notches in the edge of said book, means providing relative movement between the work support and the cutting tool to bring them into and out of operating position,l means including a toothed rack providing a step-by-step advance of the cutting tool across the length of the book, a main drive shaft having cans thereon for operating said cutting tool and said two last mentioned means, one or more rows of gauge pins of varying length for providing a gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the sides of the book in open position, and a one-revolution clutch for bringing said machine into operation.

13. An indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, comprising a frame, a work support for holding in open position the book Whose pages are to be notched, positioning and clamping means on said work support, a main drive shaft having a cam thereon for operating a cutting tool for cutting notches in the edge of said book, a second cam thereon operating means providing relative movement between the work support and the cutting tool to bring them into and out of operating position, a third cam thereon operating means providing a step-by-step advance of the cutting tool across the length of the book, and a one-revolution clutch for bringing said mechanism into operation.

14. An indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, comprising a frame, a work support for holding in open position the book whose pages are to be notched, positioning and clamping means on said work support, a main drive shaft having a cam thereon for operating a cutting tool for cutting notches in the edge of said book, a second cam thereon operating means providing relative movement between the Work support and the cutting tool to bring them into and out of operating position, a third cam thereon operating means providing a step-by-step advance of the cutting tool across the length of the book, means providing a gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the side of the book, and a one-revolution clutch for bringing said mechanism into operation.

15. An indexing machine for cutting one or more rows of index notches along the opening side of a book, comprising a frame, a Work support for holding in open position the book Whose pages are to be notched, positioning and clamping means on said Work support, a main drive shaft having a cam thereon for operating a cutting tool for cuttingnotches in the edge of said book, a second cam thereon operating means providing relative movement between the Work support and the cutting tool to bring them into and out of operating position, a third cam thereon operating means including a toothed rack providing a step-by-step advance of the cutting tool across the length of the book, means including one or more rows of gauge pins of Varying length for providing a gradually extending movement of the cutting tool into and up the sloping sides of the book in open position, and a onerevolution clutch for bringing said machine into 10 operation.

HJ ALMAR ERICKSON. 

